As yet anoter known genetic disorder (quite common) affecting males with its claws indenting on not on sperm manufacture at testis but its transport pathway, Traffic Jam!!!

No. 5 type : The fifth type of known genetic disorders (also called syndromes) is CBAVD. A syndrome with which infertility  specialists are well aware of.What is CBAVD? This is again another kind of Genetic Disease of males: Such syndrome is observed in about 1% of all infertile males and in about 6% of men with Obst azoospermia. Any of two genetic abnormalities can yield to such Vasal aplasia 1) mutations of CFTR gene (most common etiology) or 2) Mutations of genes responsible for mesonephric ductal differentiation from which vas develop. Clinical examination revel partial or complete absence of Vas deferens or of the cauda or aplasia localized to Corpus of the epididymis only.  It is not uncommon to have some pancreatic and or lungs diseases – depending on the degree of gene involvement. (See Book on male Infertility-p. 155. - Eds. Larry I Lipshultz et al & A Treatise on Male Infertility-A to Z –A concise encyclopedia Ed.  JMG Hollanders, Publishers: - The Parthenon Publishing Group-Yr 1996) P- 29 & p. 76.

May also see Book on “Male Infertility” - Eds Larry I Lipshultz et al, -p. 155.  &  Book on Male Reproductive Dysfunction, Ed S C Basu, 2^nd Ed, Jaypee Bros .p.178,

Contd….(when to insist on evaluation of special microscopy of ciliary movements of sperm tails & flagellar whips?)