Seasonal varaiations of semen quality ??

 

Q 8. Is there any seasonal variation of seminal quality?

Age-adjusted analyses of seasonal variations in andrology patient semen parameters showed significant seasonal variation in the percentage rapid motile sperm and straight-line velocity, as well as the percent tail defects, percent immature sperm, and the percent tapered sperm. Such seasonal variations might prove to be clinically relevant and important when designing experimental protocols.

 

Q.9:  History

H/O Surgery :- Scrotal surgeryàhernia, Hydrocele, Brain surgery, Hernia repair, Retroperitoneal sympathectinmy,

Sexual history:-:  Any extramarital / Premarital relation, Pus from urethra, Penile / scrotal ulcer, Age above> 50 yrs= poor sperm quality. H/O Mumps/ Kochs  . Testicular trauma, undescented testis, Any operation for phimosis, Rec UTI, History of sexual dysfunction, Stress of modern society and food habits. Loss of libido and premature ejaculation.-psychological support and Dejact –T group of drugs. Drug Intake/ Life style. Degree of stress relaxation, sports, Holidays, Fear losing job, Occupational exposure to toxins, Alcohol, smoking, Cancer chemotherapy causes some damage to germ cells- e.g. cyclophospamide, What  was the total number of drugs. More the number of drugs-> more probality  of seminiferous tubule damage. There will be chromosomal breaks  and abnormal of springs.

Medical diseases:/Sytemic Diseases.- If there is recurrent Respiratory tract Infections –then one should consider Cystic fibrosis gene mutations. In such cases vas will be congenitally absent from on either side also called CABV. There are two special symptoms associated with either azoospermia or OAT. These are Kartageners Syndrome e.g. ciliary defects and Young syndrome which mean the there is inspissations of testicular secretions at the level of epididymal level. Central Nervous system Tumours—Thyroid diseases, Liver abnormalities are not uncommon. Similarly visual fields problem and headache causes prolactin disorder. Hepatomegaly associated with Gynaecomastia points to alcoholic liver diseases or other disorders of steroid metabolism.

Following points have to be enquired e.g.,

1) Pubertal development: 2) Gynaecomastia; Eunuchoid appearance, less body hairs, absence of male pattern body hairs, Gynaecomastia, Small testis. 3) Any history of anosmia? Cannot smell properly.4) Sexual history- Change of libido, Erectile or ejaculatory disorders. Any psychiatric drug therapy