How many members would like to break the Indian constitution or Law of the Land?? Are they ready to go to jail/ Consumer Court for prescribing drug without any evidence, Trade Off ?? Through away the term of EBM-“Evidence Based Medicine:”!!! I am afraid at this age to go to jail because my grandson usually sleep with me and I have to tell him different stories then only he will go to sleep. So I just can’t go to jail till he is married D):

Ovarian changes pertaining to Aromatase enzymes.

Intraovarian modulation of androgen biosynthesis.

Autocrine, pracrine and hormonal factors modulate the coordination of thecal and granulose cell function, in terms of androgen biosynthesis. Equal conc. of Androstenedione and T is contributed by adrenal & ovaries. So rise of T or androgens may be due to abnormal functioning of either ovaries or adrenals (Z. fasiculata) or both. In fact both the glands secrete Androstenedione in greater amount than T.

In fact 50% of circulating T is from peripheral conversion of the Androstenedione. The enzymes involved in conversion of cholesterol to a’DIONE ARE SAM IN BOTH THE GLANDS. The rate limiting step in androgen formation is the gene expression of P450_c17, which (gene expression) is dependent on tropic hormones e.g. LH in case of ovary and ACTH in case of Adrenals.

Control of steroidogenic response is controlled by many growth factors, particularly-insulin and insulin –like growth factors (IGF) and other array of growth factors.

A’dione formed in theca cells under the influence of LH à diffuse to granulose cellsà converted to E2 at granulose cells. As LH stimulation increases the homologous desensitization occurs. Overstimulation with LH in a time & dose dependent manner, cause DOWN REGULATION OF LH RECEPTORS à resulting in reduced rate of cholesterol side chain cleavage activity-> Both 17-20 –lyase and 17 hydroxylase activity are decreased . As a result of reduced side chain cleavage the ratio of 17-OH P to androgen increases.

Androgens and oetsrogens are negative are negative modulators of LH effects. But IGF play a positive modulator role on the effects in production of androgen biosynthesis in the gonads.