Not all Ovarian Cancers are dangerous!!!

What are the characteristics of LMP= Borderline serous tumors?? Listen frogman old man:-Approximately 10% of all ovarian serous tumors fall into category of low malignant potential or borderline tumor and 50% occur before the age of 40 years. The criteria for the diagnosis of serous borderline of tumors are as follows  

1.   Epithelial hyperplasia in the form of pseudostratification, tufting, cribriform and micropapillary

2.   Mild nuclear atypia and mild increased mitotic activity

3.   Detached cell clusters

4.   Absence of destructive stromal invasion[i.e., without tissue destruction]

Serous borderline tumors that are composed of an exuberant micropapillary architecture are designated as serous borderline tumors with micropapilly  features, these tumors are more frequently bilateral, exophytic, and high-stage then the usual the serous borderline tumor.

It should be emphasized that up to 40% of serous borderline tumors are associated with spread beyond the ovary, but high-stage disease does not necessarily warrant a diagnosis on carcinoma. The diagnosis of a serious borderline tumor versus serous carcinoma is based on the histologic features of the primary tumor. Up to 10% of women with ovarian serous borderline tumors and extroversion implants may have invasive implants, and these can behave more aggressively (13). The 5-year overall survival for woman with invasive implants is about 50% if stringent criteria are applied Most implants are noninvasive . In the noninvasive implants, papillary proliferation of atypical cells involves the peritoneal surface and form smooth invaginations.  In contrast, the invasive implants resemble well-differentiated serous carcinoma and are characterized by atypical cells forming irregular glands with sharp boarders. Implants are usually confined to the abdominal cavity and may be seen in the pelvis, omentum, and adjacent tissues, including lymph nodes, but spread outside the abdominal cavity is rare. Death can occur as the result of obstruction

Borderline serous tumors may harbor foci of stromal micro invasion. Most patients are young and International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) stage I. Stromal micro invasion is increased about nine fold in pregnant women with serous borderline tumors.