Sunday, 23 February 2020

Acute hypertension in pregancy-Essential hypertension in pregancy

My own view of this socio economic –medical problem: Imagine a poor woman has been admitted with BP of 170/ 120 at 28 weeks of gestation in a small hospital. Advices are :-- Not to allow her go home. 2) To consult physician of the small  hospital (where I am working voluntarily-Honorary assignment after  retirement from Govt service) 3) BP chart  three times a day –to keep a chart 4) Salt restricted diet 5) mild sedatives if warranted if sleep disturbances out of anxiety related to husband family members Repeated  Lab & imaging studies including Urinary proteins, Uric acid, Doppler , 5) It is reported from previous san that there is already growth lag of 3 wks, In my view it is hogh time that I should increase the dose of  Gravidol or supplement
1) But one concern is can the -combination of Nicardia & Gravidol potentiating adverse effects of / actions of Mag Sulphatase in case she develops Imminent ECL/ Fits.

What is the back of mind of Dr S K Pal???  Ans: Let me disclose my view to this case. In any case whatever the Doppler /AFI/MVP /CTG -, I have a strong feeling that our small team will  try to deliver her at 34-35 Weeks after proper counseling.
 First tip in selecting anti hypertensive’s in early preg-say first trimester:-To avoid beta blocker, ARB(angiotensisin Receptor Blockers--namely Losartan -marketed as Repace. Losar Losagard etc) and ACE (Angiotensin converting Enzyme blockers- Enalaprils,Lisinopril,Ramipril, ) . May opt for amlodepine to which we are all very much acquainted. May change the hypertensive if she was n such agent prior to preg with an intimation to primary care doctor who prescribed ARB,ACE inhibitors /Propanol(except BISOPROPOL) etc Renin inhibitors, and thiazides are also risky. Safest option in early preg is Ca channel blockers.,
  Second Trip in treating PIH(of mild nature) :-There have been many debates as to when one should initiate anti hypertensives in peg. Till now ,as far as I know , no consensus. However, I usually initiate anti-HTN Ry when BP reaches 150/90 or above after extra rest and salt restricted diets. I usually start with nicardia (Nifedipine Retard ) 10 mg Tab (not Cap)-on BD schedule or Amlodepine like stamlo- 2.5 mg on OD dose ---> to monitor every other day at domiciliary settings -to maintain a BP chart..Most cases (mild PIH) will remain stable in such dose, Rarely we have to increase the dose of former drug at 20 mg Tab BD or in case of amlodepine to 5 mg. Whenever BP remains uncontrolled with such a agent,I shall prefer to combine Labetolol with total 40 mg Nicardia OD . Amlodepine 5 mg OD. If still remains uncontrolled one can increase the dose in a titrating fashion if U proteins, LFT, Coagulation profitless, & lastly Doppler study are reassuring-and therefore one intends to prolong the preg. say highest dose of such anti hypertensive , as I believe are for NIcardia max 60 mg/OF; Alpha-Dopa 2-Gm per Day and for Labetolo max dose per day as admissible is 1200-mg OD.
 The third tip in controlling BP : In pregancy period?? Tip-3: Few clinical informations on Nifedipine :-Tablets are available both plain and Retard formulation. For emergency situations better to initiate Tab(not Retard ) -one can initiate with 20 mg stat on admission-->to check BP-->on hourly basis and g
 Tip:-4: TheFourth  tip in controlling BP : In pregancy period?? Tip-4-Clinical informations Pertaining to LABETOLOL_A COMBINED alpha and beta blockers (sympathetic) . Max total DAILY dose is 1200 mg in divided dose.(by contrast in case of alpha Dopa--> Max 4000 mg) However most mild cases do well with 200 mg BD schedule,initially COMMENCING WITH 100 MG bd.: should NOT BE USED IN asthma(-Broncho-spastic Diseases) OR copd/ Almost all Lung diseases and Hear failure)) !!! iN EMERGENCY SITUATION (UNBOOKED-UNDIAGNOSED htn)-AT emergency ROOM ONE CAN SAFELY ADMINISTER iIn lABETOLOL 20 MG SLOWLY(EACH AMP CONTAINS 5 MG IN 2 ml ).--> to watch response it will be safe to rpt another 20 mg after only 30 minutes as bolus again , though some clinicians are of opinion if BP is 200/130 first bolus can be 50 mg-no apprehension about sudden fall. Meanwhile Blood for LFT(AST, LDH in particular), Alk Pho,other hepatic parameters, Compl haemogagm, Group typing, Coagulation profile, Uric acid, Creatinine, & Physician consultation if available. Intake output chart, When fully recovers from crisis than hepatic & Obstetric, Renal sonogram... Multistix Urine Exam method for detection of albuminuria is limited to only in emergency situations.To add blood tests like TSH(interpret with caution in all acute diseases), Serum electrolytes, and most importantly patelate count.tests for collagen diseases(if Hospital Fund permits-keeping in mind we loose hundreds of mother annually in hypertensive crisis), Thee are other clinically established agents for acute Hypertensive crisis in emergency settings like-Sod nitroprusides,(at a dose of 5 mcg /mt microdrip with RMO /ICU person stting by te side- Nitroglycerine, To continue antihypertascesin post partum period with close vigilance. May avoid OCPlater,


Tip 5: The fifth tip in controlling BP : In pregancy period?? Tip-6- Combinations:- Gravidol 100mg TID
Nicardia 20mg TID
Mgso4 to b given

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