Lethal skeletal malformations when to consider

For  lethal skeletal dysplasias the accuracy of sonographic findings   was 99%   An  accurate   diagnosis of skeletal   dysplasias before 24 weeks of gestation is possible . When there is a family   history of skeletal dysplasias the following should be carefully evaluated on ultrasound imaging complex biometry including the 1) biparietal diameter 2) head  and 3) abdominal   circumferences 4) lengths of all long   bones   5) femur /foot ratio and 6) measurements   of the   mandible 7) clavicle   8) scapula 9) skull 10)  chest and 11) spine  .

Other   ultrasound parameters  that  might also be helpful   in differentiating skeletal  dysplasias  include  the 12)  fetal facial profile  13) presence  and shape of  vertebral  bodies  14) appearance of the  hands and 15)  feet and fetal thorax to assess the risk for lethality.