Epigentics of PCO : -Why so many varities of clinical types,Why so much hetergencity

Will advent of gene therapy help to cure obstinate PCOS cases / women with Ov insuffiency: Or Stem cell therapy will make us jobless!!!

, Not all women with PCOS exhibit high AMH, neither all PCO women respond equally to same ovulation agents . Have we ever thought that why some women of PCO have normal cycles, with normal endocrine profile and some PCO conceives of their own. Why such erratic response occurs is not known to us. The answers is not known to the scientist till date but what is the etiology of high AMH in some women? Do researchers have any answer for us?  Recent view  is  that most probable cause in those cases of PCOS where AMH is high in such cases there were some abnormal epigenetic  programming in  while she was in her mother’s womb while in utero. This is epigenetics of PCO. In fact “Epigenetic in PCOS”- is going to be a great topic in the years to come. What is then the “Epigenetic “? Ans:- Epigenetic is the research on the dynamics of “heritable changes in gene expression that are not encoded directly within the DNA sequence of the gene.”.  Many an intrinsic & extrinsic factors control the following mechanisms e.g. 1) DNA methylation 2) Histone modification e.g. acetylation, phosphorylation, methylation, sumoylation and ubiquitylation. Additionally, many subtle internal & maternal changes do influence chromatin factors and structure particularly during gene sharing & exchange.

What are epigenetic mediators? Why in some foetal foetuses things go in wrong way? These factors control and regulate different cellular function right from gene expression, genome stability, X-chromosome inactivation, (XCI), imprinting, and most importantly developmental reprogramming of non-imprinted genes.

What modifications exactly happens in epigenetic in PCOS women those who exhibit high AMH? :- All of us  know that high androgen level (as we observe in PCO) may modify the epigenome as endocrine disruptors,à with resultant effects on gene expression, cell proliferation, apoptosis, cell survival and finally differentia on(function of a cell). What happens in women who are affected by high AMH is that those gens which participate in gene in TGF-β-signaling  are affected- resulting abnormal functions of TGF-β superfamily one of which is our well-known AMH. As I have mentioned earlier. In such cases who exhibit high AMH, in such cases abnormalities of inhibin-B and Activin A have also been observed. In fact, “genetics of PCOS “is becoming a great issue as gene therapy is advancing fast.