Put
a signboard in your chamber today if U practice subfertility:. --- please put a
signboard in your chamber stating -- WHO in the early 1990
estimated that intercourse takes
place over 42,000 million times per years. This means every second there 1,300 ejaculations with
possible pregnancy . Different studies have shown that sperm can remain alive in female genital
tract for about six days These
signboard is displaced as per request of an Elederly gynae specialist and
refers to couples who couple who dislikes
sex and like to conceive. No loss of libido, no ED(erectile disorders) .
The number of fertile
days of a menstrual cycle is difficult to quantify. Any day of cycle may be fertile. The
sperms remain alive in the female genital
tract and are capable of fertilization for up to 5 days after ejaculation. The egg appears to be capable
of being fertilized for only about 24 hours. In a recent study amongst couples actively trying to conceive with hormone measurement to determine the timing of ovulation. The fertile period lasted about six days ending on the day
of ovulation. However in a
woman with reasonably regular
menstrual cycle of about 28 days , day 10 to day 17
is considered as fertile period
. But in women with
irregular period concluded that fertile
period should be considered as day
7 to day 15 of menstrual cycle.
Q. 2: Addressed to couple:--What is
the probability of conception after one
or multiple acts of intercourse?
Proper
answer:--The
probability of conception after single act of intercourse is approximately 8% only.
But this chance of conception goes up to about 13% per cycle
provided intercourse occurs on average every other day . But if it occurs
only twice a week at random (not limited only in fertile days) -the chance
of
pregnancy
is about 15% .. Therefore
, most women who have unprotected intercourse on a single
occasion will not conceive(husband working in some other district of the state or
employed outside the state) ..
Q. 3 : Addressed to couple:--Test the knowledge of your client: Q. 3:-What is the chance of conception if
there is only single act of coitus in the entire cycle (expected cycle - day specific conception rate i.e. Barrett and Marshall study)? Ans:-The
overall possibility of pregnancy after a
single act of unprotected sex on any one only during the entire cycle is 2-4%
only and is highest in the days
before and just after ovulation . There is no
day of the menstrual cycles when there
can be certainly that
unprotected sex would not result in pregnancy although the probability is negligible in the first
3 days of the cycle . Timing of sexual
intercourse in relation to
ovulation - effects on the probability of conception , survival of the pregnancy and sex
of the baby ,
Q. 4 : Addressed to couple:--Q. 4:--Will all fertilized human egg give birth to a live
baby ? What is the incidence of
post fertilization preimplantation wastage—The grand Balance Sheet of Biology?
Ans:--A normal
fertile sexually active
couple not using contraception has maximum monthly
chance of conceiving 20-25% .After
fertilization 25% of zygotes do
not implant and those
that implant a proportion is
lost before a pregnancy becomes
clinically recognizable. Thus in 42% cases no clinically recognizable pregnancy results even after
fertilization .Eight
per cent of pregnancies are
spontaneously even after clinical
confirmation.
Q. 5 : Addressed to couple:--Accordingly prospect of Emergency
contraception lies within 120 hours of intercourse by interruption of the natural development of
a fertilized ovum . This appears very low
and more so after a single act of unprotected intercourse.
Therefore in a vast majority of cases where emergency
contraceptives are prescribe (EC ) addresses
a theoretical or statistical
rather than an actual chance of fertilization having occurred
and lives the women ‘s apprehension of unwanted
pregnancy considerably
Q. 6 : Addressed to couple:--Q. 5: What is the Longevity of sperms ?
There is
great individual variation between men and between individual sperm with
the same men’s ejaculate. Scientists
have shown that – Sperm counts and
quality of sperm have lowered in the recent
years. In normal healthy
men spermatogenesis occurs at the rate 1,000 sperm per second
from each testis and an ejaculate of
3-5 usually contains
350 million sperms
though only one ova need to
be fertilized. Sperms can remain alive in
cervical mucus for 5-6
days depend on quality of cervical
mucus.
Q
Q. 2: Addressed to coulee:--Safe period
in human menstrual cycle has long been debated. The whole of the second week of 4 week long menstrual cycle is potentially fertile i.e. days 7
to day 14 of cycle. Even sex during menstruation can
lead to conception if by chance
ovulation occurs on day 7 of
cycle , though this is rare but
not impossible because sperm
can remain alive for 5-6 days .
Q. 2: Addressed to coulee:--What is abortion rate ?
The
number of all types of abortions, per
1000 women of childbearing age. But
abortion ratio is
calculated by dividing the number of abortions performed
during a particular time
period by the number of live
births over the same
period.
GFR=not to
be considered at Glomerular Filtration rate which is 180 Liter per day. To an
Obstetrician GFR means = What is General Fertility Rate ?
It is the number of live
births per 1000 women
in the reproductive age group
in a given years.
New England
Journal of medicine 333.
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